Corruption Risks Indicators

Data source: Fazekas and Kocsis

Go to the original dataset webpage

Description:

Measuring high-level corruption is subject to extensive scholarly and policy interest, which has achieved moderate progress in the last decade. This dataset presents four objective proxy measures of high-level corruption in public procurement: single bidding in competitive markets, the share of contracts with no published call for tender'' red flag, the share of contracts withnon-open procedure'' red flag, and share of contracts with ``tax haven'' red flag.

Using official government data on 4 million contracts in thirty-two European countries from 2011 to 2021, the authors directly operationalize a common definition of corruption: unjustified restriction of access to public contracts to favour a selected bidder.

Corruption indicators are calculated at the contract level, but produce aggregate indices consistent with well-established country-level indicators, and are also validated by micro-level tests.

Last updated by source: 2023-01-25

Dataset type: Other
Dataset level: Country

Citation:

When using this dataset, please cite as:
• Fazekas, M., & Kocsis, G. (2020). Uncovering high-level corruption: Cross-national objective corruption risk indicators using public procurement data. British Journal of Political Science, 50(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/doi:10.1017/S0007123417000461



Variables in this dataset:

   Number of awarded contracts above 130,000 EUR
QoG Code: cri_contr

Number of successfully awarded contracts within tenders published on TED above 130k EUR threshold.

More about this variable
   Final value of awarded tenders of over 130,000 EUR
QoG Code: cri_cvalue

Sum of the final value of successfully awarded tenders published on TED above 130k EUR threshold.

More about this variable
   Number of contracts won by a supplier registered at a foreign address
QoG Code: cri_foreign

Total number of contracts won by a supplier that is registered at a foreign address.

More about this variable
   Share of contracts with no published call for tender red flag
QoG Code: cri_nocall

Share of contracts with 'no published call for tender' red flag. A contract is considered to have 'no call for tender' red flag if two conditions are met: i) The sum of prior information notices and contract notices equals 0 and ii) The country of a buyer is not on the list of countries in which 'no call for tender publication' is not a risk factor. These countries are BG, DK, EE, ES, and LT.

More about this variable
   Share of contracts with non-open procedure red flag
QoG Code: cri_nonopen

Share of contracts with 'non-open procedure' red flag. Whether a procedure is considered non-open depends on procedure type as well as specific country regulation. Please refer to the 'Non-open procedure details' sheet to search for country-procedure combinations.

More about this variable
   Share of contracts with only one bid in total
QoG Code: cri_singleb

Share of contracts with only one bid in total.

More about this variable
   Share of contracts with tax haven red flag
QoG Code: cri_taxhav

Share of contracts with 'tax haven' red flag. A contract has a 'tax haven' red flag in case two conditions are met: i) buyer and supplier are from different countries and ii) according to Financial Secrecy Index (https://www.financialsecrecyindex.com/en/) supplier country was classified as a tax haven.

More about this variable