Data used in the article: Boräng, F., Felgendreher, S., Harring, N. and Löfgren, Å., 2019. Committing to the climate: a global study of accountable climate targets. Sustainability, 11(7), p.1861. The authors assess and compare the accountability of clim ...

This database presents 6,124 agri-environmental policies implemented between 1960 and 2022 in about 200 countries. The database comprises a wide range of policy types (including regulations and payment schemes) and goals (such as biodiversity conservation, saf ...

AidData's Core Research Release 3.1 is a corrected snapshot of AidData's entire project-level database from April 2016. This database includes commitment information for over 1.5 million development finance activities funded between 1947 and 2013, covers 96 do ...

The Africa Integrity Indicators (AII) assesses key social, economic, political and anti-corruption mechanisms at the national level in all 54 African countries in two sections: Transparency and Accountability, and Social Development. The Africa Integrity Indic ...

Data used in the article The Colonial Origins of Comparative Development: An Empirical Investigation.

This dataset contains variables concerning measures of ethnic, linguistic and religious fractionalization. The variables reflect the probability that two randomly selected people from a given country will not share a certain characteristic. The higher the nu ...

The World Religion Dataset (WRD) aims to provide detailed information about religious adherence worldwide since 1945. It contains data about the number of adherents by religion in each of the states in the international system. These numbers are given for ever ...

AQUASTAT is the FAO global information system on water resources and agricultural water management.

The 5.1 version of the Alliance Treaty Obligations and Provisions (ATOP) project provides data regarding the content of military alliance agreements signed by all countries of the world between 1815 and 2018. The authors hope the project will be useful in u ...

The dataset in the paper "Bank Ownership Around the World" comprises detailed information on over 6,500 banks from 181 countries, spanning from 1995 to 2020. It includes data on both state and foreign bank ownership, focusing on the proportion of each bank own ...

The Bayesian Corruption Index is a composite index of the perceived overall level of corruption: with corruption referred to as the 'abuse of public power for private gain'. Perceived corruption: Given the hidden nature of corruption, direct measures are hard ...

The Berggruen Governance Index Project (BGI) analyzes the relationship between democratic accountability, state capacity and the provision of public goods. It builds upon prior work that examined the impact of governance and democracy on the quality of life. I ...

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is widely recognized as the most comprehensive, objective global approach for evaluating the conservation status of plant and animal species. From its small beginning, The IUCN Red List has grown in size and complexity a ...

Compiled by BICC, the Global Militarization Index (GMI) presents on an annual basis the relative weight and importance of a country's military apparatus in relation to its society as a whole. The last update of GMI covers 149 countries and is based on the late ...

The Religion and State (RAS) project is a university-based project located at Bar Ilan University in Ramat Gan, Israel. The general goal is to provide detailed codings on several aspects of separation of religion and state for 183 states on a yearly basis betw ...

The Barro-Lee Data set provides data dis-aggregated by sex and by 5-year age intervals. It provides educational attainment data for 146 countries in 5-year intervals from 1950 to 2010. It also provides information about the distribution of educational attainme ...

This data set provides a dichotomous coding of democracy from 1800 until 2020 for 222 countries; however, QoG data contains information from 1946 onwards. The authors define a country as democratic if it satisfies conditions for both contestation and parti ...

Binary coding of all democracies from 1913 until 2005 prepared for use in event history analysis.

Bjørnskov-Rode update and provide an expansion of Cheibub, Gandhi and Vreeland’s Democracy-Dictatorship dataset. The authors expand the coverage to a total of 192 sovereign countries and 16 self-governing territories between 1950 and 2024. They provide more i ...

The Bertelsmann Stiftung's Transformation Index (BTI) analyzes and evaluates the quality of democracy, a market economy, and political management in 137 developing and transition countries. It measures successes and setbacks on the path toward democracy based ...

The comparative abortion index quantifies the permissiveness of abortion policies worldwide, accounting for a variety of considerations. It aims to provide researchers with a tool to assess trends in worldwide reproductive rights, and to study how these change ...

These are the two principal components of 13-15 indicators of democracy, including those compiled by Freedom House; Polity; Arthur Banks; Alvarez, Cheibub, Limongi, and Przeworski, as updated by Cheibub and Gandhi; Bollen; and Cingranelli and Richards. The dat ...

The Central Bank Independence Dataset is the most comprehensive data set on de jure central bank independence (CBI) available to date. The 2025 version of this dataset updates Garriga 2016 for statutory central bank independence. It includes country-year obser ...

This dataset provides information on a comprehensive index of CBI covering a wide range of central bank characteristics based on the charters of 155 central banks, over the period from 1923 (or the year in which the first legislation was available for a countr ...

The index and its components measure countries' cooperation within the international climate change regime. The Cooperation in International Climate Change Regime Index is an aggregate of five indicators: The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Chan ...

The Climate Change Knowledge Portal provides global data on historical and future climate, vulnerabilities, and impacts. The data on historical temperature and rainfall data included in this compilation comes from the historical CRU dataset. The CRU TS ver ...

Climate change-related laws and policies refer to legal documents related to reducing energy demand, promoting low carbon energy supply, low-carbon buildings, carbon pricing, lower industry emissions, tackling deforestation and promoting sustainable land use, ...

This dataset presents records of the characteristics of national constitutions written since 1789. Each constitutional text is coded twice by different coders working independently. To maximize the reliability of the final data, the discrepancies between these ...

Classification of political regimes as democracy and dictatorship. Classification of democracies as parliamentary, semi-presidential (mixed) and presidential. Classification of dictatorships as military, civilian and royal.

The 'Change in Source of Leader Support' (CHISOLS) data is a collaborative effort by Brett Ashley Leeds (Rice University) and Michaela Mattes (University of California, Berkeley). The data collection was supported by National Science Foundation grant SES-09217 ...

The CIRIGHTS Data Project contains standards-based quantitative information on government respect for 195 countries, annually from 1981-2022. The goal of the CIRIGHTS Data Project is to create numerical measures for every internationally recognized human righ ...

The Comparative Political Data Set 1960-2023 (CPDS) is a collection of political and institutional data that has been assembled in the context of the research projects “Die Handlungsspielräume des Nationalstaates” and “Critical junctures. An international comp ...

Measuring high-level corruption is subject to extensive scholarly and policy interest, which has achieved moderate progress in the last decade. This dataset presents four objective proxy measures of high-level corruption in public procurement: single bidding i ...

CSES (CSES1, CSES2, CSES3, CSES4, and CSES5) is a collaborative program of research among election study teams from around the world. Participating countries include a common module of survey questions in their post-election studies. The resulting data are dep ...

The State Fragility Index and Matrix provides annual state fragility, effectiveness, and legitimacy indices and the eight component indicators for the world's 167 countries with populations greater than 500,000 in 2018.

This dataset provides data on electoral volatility and its internal components in parliamentary elections (lower house) in 20 countries of Western Europe for the period 1945-2023. It covers the entire universe of Western European elections held after World War ...

The article "A global index of information transparency and accountability" (Williams, 2014) uses a relatively new methodology, similar to Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index, to construct composite indicators of Informational Transparen ...

The KOF Globalization Index measures the economic, social and political dimensions of globalization. It is used in order to monitor changes in the level of globalization of different countries over extended periods of time. The current KOF Globalization Index ...

The Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) provides global past and present-day anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants by country and on a spatial grid. EDGAR provides emission data for the following air pollutants: ...

The Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) provides global past and present-day anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants by country and on a spatial grid. Fossil CO2 emissions of all world countries from EDGAR provi ...

The Environmental Democracy Index measures the degree to which countries have enacted legally binding rules that provide for environmental information collection and disclosure, public participation across a range of environmental decisions, and fair, affordab ...

The National Footprint and Biocapacity Accounts (NFAs) measure the ecological resource use and resource capacity of nations over time. Based on approximately 15,000 data points per country per year, the Accounts calculate the Footprints of more than 200 countr ...

The E-Government Development Index presents the state of E-Government Development of the United Nations Member States. Along with an assessment of the website development patterns in a country, the E-Government Development index incorporates the access charact ...

Data on the establishment of environmental ministries from the article: Aklin, M. and Urpelainen, J., 2014. The global spread of environmental ministries: domestic–international interactions. International Studies Quarterly, 58(4), pp.764-780.

EM-DAT is a global database on natural and technological disasters, containing essential core data on the occurrence and effects of more than 21,000 disasters in the world, from 1900 to present. EM-DAT is maintained by the Centre for Research on the Epidemiolo ...

Data on environmental non-governmental organizations used in the article: Bernauer, T., Böhmelt, T. and Koubi, V., 2013. Is there a democracy–civil society paradox in global environmental governance? Global Environmental Politics, 13(1), pp.88-107.

World Bank Enterprise Surveys offer an expansive array of economic data on 180,000 firms in 154 countries. The data is presented in a variety of ways useful to researchers, policy makers, journalists, and others. Business environment and performance indicat ...

The Doing Business project provides objective measures of business regulations and their enforcement across 190 economies. This EOB 2020 report covers 11 indicator sets and 190 economies. Most indicator sets refer to a case scenario in the largest business cit ...

ENVIPOLCON is the acronym of "Environmental governance in Europe: the impact of international institutions and trade on policy convergence". The project was carried out between 2003 and 2006 by the University of Konstanz, University of Hamburg, Germany, Free U ...

The Dataset "ENVIPOLCONCHANGE (Environmental Policy Change). A dataset on environmental regulations in 24 OECD countries from 1970 to 2005" has been collected by the ENVIPOLCON group at the University of Konstanz (Stephan Heichel, Katharina Holzinger, Christop ...

The Environmental Performance Index provides a ranking that shines light on how each country manages environmental issues. The Environmental Performance Index (EPI) ranks how well countries perform on high-priority environmental issues in two broad policy are ...

The OECD Environmental Policy Stringency Index (EPS) is a country-specific and internationally-comparable measure of the stringency of environmental policy.

The European Quality of Government Index (EQI) is the result of novel survey data regional (e.g. sub-national) level governance within the EU. The data was first gathered and published in 2010 and then repeated in 2013 and 2017, with the next round expected in ...

The European Social Survey (ESS) is an academically-driven multi-country survey, which has been administered in over 30 countries to date. Its three aims are: first - to monitor and interpret changing public attitudes and values within Europe and to investigat ...

Eurostat is the statistical office of the European Union situated in Luxembourg. Its mission is to provide high quality statistics for Europe. Its key task is to provide the European Union with statistics at European level that enable comparisons between count ...

This dataset provides data on electoral volatility and its internal components in the elections for the European Parliament (EP) in all European Union (EU) countries since 1979 or the date of their accession to the Union. It also provides data about electoral ...

The FAOSTAT Land Use domain contains data on 47 categories of land use, irrigation and agricultural practices, relevant to monitor agriculture, forestry, and fisheries activities at national, regional and global level. Data are available by country and year, w ...

The data was used for the article Ethnic and Cultural Diversity by Country, published by the Journal of Economic Growth. It contains data on 822 ethnic groups in 160 countries that made up at least 1 percent of the country's population in the early 1990s. Thi ...

The Fragile States Index (Failed States Index), produced by The Fund for Peace, is a critical tool in highlighting not only the normal pressures that all states experience, but also in identifying when those pressures are pushing a state towards the brink of f ...

Freedom in the World is an annual global report on political rights and civil liberties, composed of numerical ratings and descriptive texts for each country and a select group of territories. The 2025 edition covers developments in 195 countries and 15 territ ...

Freedom on the Net is a Freedom House project consisting of cutting-edge analysis, fact-based advocacy, and on-the-ground capacity building. It features a ranked, country-by-country assessment of online freedom, a global overview of the latest developments, as ...

Freedom of the Press, an annual report on media independence around the world, was published between 1980 and 2017, and assessed the degree of print, broadcast, and digital media freedom in 199 countries and territories. It provided numerical scores and countr ...

The index published in Economic Freedom of the World measures the degree to which countries' policies and institutions support economic freedom. The cornerstones of economic freedom are personal choice, voluntary exchange, freedom to enter markets and compete, ...

The Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative’s (ND-GAIN) Country Index is a free, open source index that shows a country’s current vulnerability to climate disruptions. It also assesses a country’s readiness to leverage private and public sector investment for ...

A longitudinal dataset on the adoption of minority shareholders' legal protections and the development of the stock market in 78 countries between 1970 and 2016.

The Global Corruption Barometer is the only world wide public opinion survey about the views and experiences of corruption. The Global Corruption Barometer asks for people's views on corruption in their country generally, how the level of corruption has c ...

The dataset captures 20,985 projects across 165 low- and middle-income countries supported by loans and grants from official sector institutions in China worth $1.34 trillion. It tracks projects over 22 commitment years (2000-2021) and provides details on the ...

More than a decade and a half since the Berlin Wall came down and the Soviet Union broke apart, a key question to ask is whether post-communist states actually can accomplish what they set out to do. How do the new states function? Can they implement their own ...

The PTS seeks to measure political terror. The authors define political terror as violations of basic human rights to the physical integrity of the person by agents of the state within the territorial boundaries of the state in question. It is important to not ...

The Digital Trade and Data Governance Hub (the Hub) seeks to help policymakers and the public understand how governments are tackling this evolving responsibility of governing data. Data governance, like the data-driven economy, is constantly evolving, refl ...

These are IHME results data from a global analysis of educational attainment spanning the last 50 years. These data are an update to earlier estimates (Educational Attainment and Child Mortality Estimates by Country 1970-2009) and inform the IHME policy report ...

The purpose of this dataset is to provide information on the gender of diplomats around the world, data that has so far been missing from existing datasets on diplomatic exchanges (Bayer 2006; Rhamey et al. 2013; Moyer et al. 2020). The GenDip dataset maps ...

The IMF Government Finance Statistics (GFS) database contains fiscal data for all reporting countries in the framework of the Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014 (GFSM 2014). It includes detailed data on revenues, expenditures, transactions in financial ...

The OECD Green Growth database contains selected indicators for monitoring progress towards green growth to support policy making and inform the public at large. The database synthesises data and indicators across a wide range of domains including a range of O ...

The Global Gender Gap Report benchmarks 153 countries on their progress towards gender parity across four thematic dimensions: Economic Participation and Opportunity, Educational Attainment, Health and Survival, and Political Empowerment.

The Gender Inequality Index (GII) reflects gender-based disadvantage in three dimensions - reproductive health, empowerment and the labour market - for as many countries as data of reasonable quality allow. It shows the loss in potential human deve ...

The dataset by Kristian Gleditsch provides estimates of trade flows between independent states (1948-2000) and GDP per capita of independent states (1950-2011). Version 6. In order to fill in gaps in the Penn World Table's mark 5.6 and 6.2 data (see: Heston, S ...

The Democratic Electoral Systems (DES) dataset covers all of the legislative and presidential elections that have taken place in democratic states from 1919 through 2020. It also continues to include information on all elections that are considered democratic ...

Each year, researchers at Harvard's Growth Lab release growth forecasts for the upcoming decade as well as annual rankings of countries by economic complexity. The Economic Complexity Index (ECI) ranking is a measure of the amount of capabilities and knowhow o ...

The Global Peace Index (GPI), which ranks 163 independent states and territories according to their level of peacefulness. Produced by the Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP), the GPI is the world's leading measure of global peacefulness. The complete vers ...

The Global Tax Expenditures Database (GTED) is led by the Council on Economic Policies (CEP) and the German Development Institute (DIE). It is the result of a multi-year engagement to increase transparency on tax expenditures and the critical role they play i ...

Governments use tax expenditures (TEs) – also called tax breaks, tax reliefs or tax subsidies – to pursue a variety of policy goals. TEs are deviations from the benchmark or standard tax system that provide preferential tax treatment to individuals or business ...

The Global Terrorism Index (GTI) is a comprehensive study analysing the impact of terrorism for 163 countries covering 99.7 per cent of the world’s population. The GTI report is produced by the Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP) using data from Terrorism ...

Data used in the book "A Centripetal Theory of Democratic Governance" (Gerring, John and Thacker, Strom C, 2008).

The 'Financing the State: Government Tax Revenue from 1800 to 2012' dataset provides information on the size and composition of government tax revenues for 31 countries in Europe and the Americas for the period from 1800 (or independence) to 2012. It provi ...

When the leader of an autocratic regime loses power, one of three things happens. The incumbent leadership group is replaced by democratically elected leaders. Someone from the incumbent leadership group replaces them, and the regime persists. Or the incumbent ...

The measure of political constraints estimates the feasibility of policy change (the extent to which a change in the preferences of any one actor may lead to a change in government policy) using the following methodology. First, extracting data from political ...

The Index of Economic Freedom covers 10 freedoms - from property rights to entrepreneurship - in 186 countries. Note: For the 2015, most data covers the second half of 2013 through the first half of 2014. To the extent possible, the information considered ...

The Historical Index of Ethnic Fractionalization (HIEF) dataset contains an ethnic fractionalization index for 165 countries across all continents. The dataset covers annually the period 1945-2013. The ethnic fractionalization index corresponds to the probabil ...

The HRV Transparency project examines the causes and consequences of government transparency both through theoretical and empirical approaches with the measure of government transparency or HRV Index. The HRV index contrasts with other measurements because it ...

The Authoritarian Regimes Dataset version 6.0 covers the time period 1972-2014 and includes all 192 nations recognized as members of the UN except the four micro states of Europe (Andorra, Liechtenstein, Monaco and San Marino) and two micro states in the Pacif ...

Human Understanding Measured Across National (HUMAN) Surveys combines multiple sources of public opinion data and creates commonly formatted variables. Authors harmonize public opinion surveys that are (1) nationally representative of adult populations and (2) ...

Institutions and Elections Project Data (version 2.0). The objective of the data from the Institutions and Elections Project (IAEP) is to describe the formal institutions that are in place, even if practice does not comport with those formal rules. The data re ...

The Open Budget Survey is a comprehensive analysis and survey that evaluates whether governments give the public access to budget information and opportunities to participate in the budget process at the national level. The survey also assesses the capacity an ...

The original Information Capacity Dataset offers numerical data on five institutions and policies that modern states use to collect information about their populations and territories: (1) the regular implementation of a reliable census, (2) the regular releas ...

Now covering 141 developed, emerging, frontier countries and offshore financial centers, ICRG presents monthly political, economic, financial and composite risk ratings and forecasts. From risks presented by government instability, the threat of asset expro ...

The GRD aims to present a complete picture of government revenue and tax trends over time and allows for analysis at the country, regional or cross-country level. Where possible, figures are expressed both inclusive and exclusive of natural resource revenues, ...

The Electoral System Design Database is comprised of various reviews of the electoral legislation of countries from around the world. The database research was sourced from national legal documents from different sources, including the official web portals of ...

The Voter Turnout Database is the best resource for a wide array of statistics on voter turnout from around the world. It contains the most comprehensive global collection of voter turnout statistics from presidential and parliamentary elections since 1945. Al ...

The IDF Diabetes Atlas is intended to support the diabetes community in advocating for more action to identify undiagnosed diabetes, prevent type 2 diabetes in people at risk, and improve care for all people with diabetes. It also aims to support the developme ...

International Environmental Agreements (IEA) include efforts to regulate human interactions with the environment that involve legally binding commitments ("agreements") among governments ("international") that have environmental protection as a primary objecti ...

The World Bank’s Prospects Group has constructed a global database of informal economic activity. The database includes up to 196 economies over the period 1990-2020 and includes the eleven most commonly used measures of informal economy.

IHME provides rigorous and comparable measurements of the world's most important health problems and evaluates the strategies used to address them.

The Ibrahim Index of African Governance (IIAG) is a tool that measures and monitors governance performance in African countries. The IIAG governance framework comprises four categories: Safety & Rule of Law, Participation & Human Rights, Sustainable Economic O ...

"The Index of Public Integrity (IPI) aims to capture a snapshot of this balance in 114 countries for which data is available. It is a composite index consisting of six components. For the 2015, 2017 and 2019 editions, the components were: administrative burden ...

The data has been compiled by the Inter-Parliamentary Union on the basis of information provided by National Parliaments. Comparative data on the world and regional averages as well as data concerning the two regional parliamentary assemblies elected by direct ...

This dataset provides data on ideological polarization in Western Europe. It is based on parties’ left-right placement provided by several expert surveys. Then, it uses Dalton’s polarization index (2008) to calculate the polarization score in terms of votes an ...

The International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) is an annual program of cross-national survey collaboration, covering a wide range of topics important for social science research. Since 1985 the ISSP provides international data sets, enabling cross-cultural a ...

The data repository for the 2019 Coronavirus Visual Dashboard operated by the Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science and Engineering (JHU CSSE). Also, Supported by ESRI Living Atlas Team and the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab (JHU AP ...

This database updates and expands the coding of electoral systems presented in Gaviria et al.'s (2003) Database of Particularism. Data now cover up to 180 countries from 1978-2005 and distinguish electoral systems by the degree to which electoral institutions ...

More than 30 established institutional indicators can be clustered into three homogeneous groups of formal institutions: legal, political and economic, which capture to a large extent the complete formal institutional environment of a country. The latent quali ...

LIS, formerly known as The Luxembourg Income Study, is a data archive and research center dedicated to cross-national analysis. LIS is home to two databases, the Luxembourg Income Study Database, and the Luxembourg Wealth Study Database. The Luxembourg Income ...

Data used in the article "Leviathan's Latent Dimensions: Measuring State Capacity for Comparative Political Research" (Hanson & Sigman, 2021). The authors identify three core dimensions of state capacity, develop the expectation that they are mutually supporti ...

Original sources for the Religion variables: Barrett (1982), Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations (1995), Statistical Abstract of the World (1995), United Nations (1995) and CIA (1996).

The Maddison Project Database provides information on comparative economic growth and income levels over the very long run. The 2023 version of this database covers 169 countries and the period up to 2022.

This dataset presents a time-series cross-sectional Index of Bureaucratic Underrepresentation (IBU) covering a total of 37 European countries between 2008 and 2018 (unbalanced). It aggregates levels of bureaucratic representation on five common diversity dimen ...

The National Elections across Democracy and Autocracy (NELDA) dataset provides detailed information on all election events from 1945-2020. To be included, elections must be for a national executive figure, such as a president, or for a national legislative bod ...

This dataset is in a country-year case format, suitable for cross-national time-series analysis. It contains data on the social, economic and political characteristics of 191 nations with over 600 variables from 1971 to 2007. In particular, it merges the indic ...

The Natural Resource Protection and Child Health Indicators, 2023 Release, is produced in support of the U.S. Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) as selection criteria for funding eligibility. The Natural Resource Protection Indicator (NRPI) and Child Healt ...

The dataset of terrain ruggedness and other geographical characteristics of countries was created by Nathan Nunn and Diego Puga for their article `Ruggedness: The blessing of bad geography in Africa', published in the Review of Economics and Statistics 94(1), ...

The Country Statistical Profiles database from the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) includes a wide range of indicators on economy, education, energy, environment, foreign aid, health, information and communication, labour, migratio ...

Environmentally adjusted multifactor productivity (EAMFP) takes into account the reliance of national economies on natural resources and national efforts to mitigate environmental damage.

The OECD Environmental Statistics database provide a unique collection of policy-relevant environmental statistics.

The Environmental Protection Expenditure Account (EPEA) is a monetary description of environmental protection activities in accordance with the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) central framework. It is coherent with the European System of Acc ...

Policy Instruments for the Environment (PINE) is originally developed by OECD in co-operation with the European Environment Agency (EEA). The database contains detailed qualitative and quantitative information on environmentally related taxes, fees and charges ...

The underlying PM2.5 concentration estimates are taken from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 project. They are derived by integrating satellite observations, chemical transport models, and measurements from ground monitoring station networks. The con ...

The Ocean Health Index is a valuable tool for the ongoing assessment of ocean health. By providing a means to advance comprehensive ocean policy and compare future progress, the Index can inform decisions about how to use or protect marine ecosystems. The ...

The UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) is the official and trusted source of internationally-comparable data on education, science, culture and communication. As the official statistical agency of UNESCO, the UIS produces a wide range of state-of-the-ar ...

The Polity project is one of the most widely used data resources for studying regime change and the effects of regime authority. The Polity5 Project, which studies Political Regime Characteristics and Transitions from 1800-2018, is an annual, cross-national, t ...

This dataset by the Electoral Integrity Project evaluates the quality of elections held around the world. Based on a rolling survey collecting the views of election experts, this research provides independent and reliable evidence to compare whether countries ...

The PERCEIVE original survey is intended to help researchers better understand the micro and macro-level dynamics that drive support (or lack thereof) of EU regional policies. The survey includes over 35 substantive questions as well as seven demographic and ...

IRENASTAT (©IRENA 2024) offers an extensive compilation of renewable energy statistics, encompassing a diverse array of 18 distinct renewable energy sources, such as Hydropower and Solar. In addition to these individual categories, the dataset includes "Total ...

Over the last two decades, numerous studies have tried to quantify the effect of property rights on a wide range of societal outcomes, including growth, trade, and, to a lesser extent, inequality. However, a major limitation of these studies has been the data ...

This dataset identifies and lists all the new parties emerged in Western Europe since 1945 and provides data about party system innovation, defined as the aggregate level of 'newness' recorded in a party system at a given election. Data are based on parliament ...

Persson and Tabellini only include countries of democratic rule in their sample. To be included in the cross-section, an average of the Freedom House indices for civil liberties and political rights (fh_cl and fh_pr) lower than an average of 5 for the 1990-199 ...

PWT version 11.0 is a database with information on relative levels of income, output, input and productivity, covering 185 countries between 1950 and 2023. Please check the main codebook at: https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/docs/pwt_71vs80_variable_correspondence.p ...

Quota Adoption and Reform Over Time, or QAROT, is the first longitudinal dataset with information about the adoption, implementation, and reform of national gender quotas across the world. National gender quotas regulate (s)election to national legislatures th ...

The QoG Survey is a data set on the structure and behavior of public administration, based on a web survey. The dataset covers key dimensions of quality of government, such as politicization, professionalization, openness, and impartiality. Included in the ...

The Quality of Government Expert Survey (QoG Expert Survey) is a research project aimed at documenting the organizational design of public bureaucracies and bureaucratic behavior in countries around the world. The third wave of the QoG Expert Survey covers 117 ...

The Ethnolinguistic Fractionalization (ELF) Indices, 1961 and 1985 Indices measure the probability of two randomly selected people not belonging to the same ethnolinguistic group using different methods. The estimates are computed from population estimates of ...

Remittances Data provides a snapshot of latest statistics on remittance flows for 214 countries and territories. It is calculated by World Bank staff calculation based on data from IMF Balance of Payments Statistics database and data releases from central bank ...

Global dataset of oil and natural gas production, prices, exports, and net exports. These data are based on the best available information about the volume and value of oil and natural gas production in all countries from 1932 to 2014. The volume figures are ...

The Reporters Without Borders World Press Freedom Index ranks the performance of 180 countries according to a range of criteria that include media pluralism and independence, respect for the safety and freedom of journalists, and the legislative, institutional ...

This dataset measures the presence and duration of experience with macro polities. It extends and replaces previous versions of the State Antiquity Index (originally created by Bockstette, Chanda and Putterman, 2002). The updated data extends the previous Stat ...

This data set collection provides systematic data on institutional features of social insurance programs in eighteen countries spanning much of the post-war period. Its purpose is to provide an essential complement to program spending data that is available fr ...

Colin O'Reilly and Ryan H. Murphy contribute to the literature on state capacity by developing a method that yields to State Capacity Index with far more comprehensive data coverage across time (1789-2021) and countries than has been possible previously. U ...

This database consists of a comprehensive sample of administrative agencies in the Swedish executive bureaucracy between 1960 and 2014. The database is constituted by three distinct datasets: one that focuses on an agency's formal instruction; one that focuses ...

This database consists of a comprehensive sample of administrative agencies in the Swedish executive bureaucracy between 1960 and 2014. The database is constituted by three distinct datasets: one that focuses on an agency's formal instruction; one that focuses ...

This database consists of a comprehensive sample of administrative agencies in the Swedish executive bureaucracy between 1960 and 2014. The database is constituted by three distinct datasets: one that focuses on an agency's formal instruction; one that focuses ...

The Sustainable Governance Indicators project aims to facilitate transitions towards sustainable governance models that foster well-being within planetary boundaries, and promote effective, accountable and inclusive state institutions To achieve this, the proj ...

The authors use a two-sector dynamic general equilibrium model; they developed an approach to estimate the size of the shadow economy. Compared to the methods used in the current literature, this approach overcomes three main issues. First, it does not rely on ...

The Social Insurance Entitlements dataset (SIED) consists of gross and net value variables of the four insurance programs in the 34 countries between 1930 and 2015. The Social Insurance Entitlements dataset (SIED) is a continuation of the Social Citizenship I ...

To construct a measure of the total number of slaves taken from each country during the four slave trades between 1400 and 1900, Nunn collected data that report the total number of slaves exported from each port or region in Africa and data that reports the et ...

Data on the stock of climate change mitigation laws and policies used in the paper: Eskander, S.M. and Fankhauser, S., 2020. Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from national climate legislation. Nature Climate Change, 10(8), pp.750-756. Mitigation la ...

The Social Progress Index (SPI) is a well-established measure, published since 2013, that is meant to catalyze improvement and drive action by presenting social outcome data in a useful and reliable way. The 2024 Social Progress Index uses its 12 component ...

The Statistical Review analyses data on world energy markets from the prior year. It has been providing timely, comprehensive and objective data to the energy community since 1952. It is completely free for users to access. The Energy Institute is preservin ...

The Societal Violence Scale seeks to develop measures of societal violence based on annual US State Department's Human Rights reports. The Societal Violence Scale ranks countries on a 5-point scale (from the lowest level of societal violence to the highest) ba ...

The dataset captures characteristics of political parties in Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, West Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, Greece, Po ...

This dataset consists of all the 290 Swedish municipalities between 1980 and 2015. The dataset contains, for example, information about the population in the municipality; information about welfare services, such as education and elder care; citizens satisfact ...

The CPI focuses on corruption in the public sector and defines corruption as the abuse of public office for private gain. The surveys used in compiling the CPI tend to ask questions in line with the misuse of public power for private benefit, with a focus, for ...

The World Inequality Database (WID.world) aims to provide open and convenient access to the most extensive available database on the historical evolution of the world distribution of income and wealth, both within countries and between countries. The WID wa ...

The UCDP Dyadic Dataset is a project within the Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) at the Department of Peace and Conflict Research, Uppsala University. The UCDP Dyadic dataset builds on the UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict dataset, but goes beyond the conflict ...

The Unified Democracy Scores (UDS) covers the time period 1946-2012. These scores incorporate updates to three of the ten original measures - Freedom House (2014), Polity IV (Marshall et al., 2012), and Van Hanen (2012) - that feature in the analysis that the ...

The Human Development Report (HDR) is an annual report published by the Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The entire series of Human Development Index (HDI) values and rankings are recalculated every year ...

The UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) is the official and trusted source of internationally-comparable data on education, science, culture and communication. As the official statistical agency of UNESCO, the UIS produces a wide range of state-of-the-ar ...

The UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) is the official and trusted source of internationally-comparable data on education, science, culture and communication. As the official statistical agency of UNESCO, the UIS produces a wide range of state-of-the-ar ...

The dataset presents estimates of international migrants by age, sex, and origin. Estimates are presented for 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020 and are available for 232 countries and areas of the world. The estimates are based on official statistic ...

The data contain three different variables, created by Tatu Vanhanen. The variables in question are political competition, political participation and the index of democratization.

Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) is a novel approach to conceptualizing and measuring democracy. It provides a multidimensional and disaggregated dataset that reflects the complexity of the concept of democracy as a system of rule that goes beyond the simple pre ...

The ICTWSS database covers four key elements of modern political economies: trade unionism, wage setting, state intervention and social pacts. The database contains annual data for all OECD and EU Member States.

V-Party provides expert-coded assessments of party organization and identity for most parties in most countries over 1970-2019. Using V-Dem methodology (Coppedge et al., 2020), in January 2020, 665 experts rated the policy positions and organizational capacity ...

The WARC dataset is a comprehensive dataset and ongoing data collection that provides information on the numerical presence of female ministers and different age groups worldwide and over time. In more detail, it provides information on the gendered composi ...

Good governance is essential for development. It helps countries improve economic growth, build human capital, and strengthen social cohesion. The Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) are designed to help researchers and analysts assess broad patterns in perc ...

The primary World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially-recognized international sources. It presents the most current and accurate global development data available, and includes national, regional and global estimates This i ...

The Global Competitiveness Index 4.0 assesses the competitiveness landscape of 140 economies, measuring national competitiveness - defined as the set of institutions, policies and factors that determine the level of productivity. The Report presents informatio ...

The World Values Survey measures of secular values and emancipative values are theoretically explained and empirically tested for their cross-cultural reliability and validity in Freedom Rising , pp. 57-105. The backward estimates of emancipative values for de ...

The WhoGov dataset enables researchers to take a new approach to studying governing elites in autocracies and democracies. The authors provide bibliographic information, such as gender and party affiliation, on cabinet members in July every year in the period ...

The GHO data repository is WHO's gateway to health-related statistics for its 194 Member States. It provides access to over 1000 indicators on priority health topics including mortality and burden of diseases, the Millennium Development Goals (child nutrition, ...

The World Happiness Report is a publication of the Sustainable Development Solutions Network, powered by the Gallup World Poll data. The World Happiness Report reflects a worldwide demand for more attention to happiness and well-being as criteria for governmen ...

The World Justice Project (WJP) developed the WJP Rule of Law Index to serve as a quantitative tool for measuring the rule of law in practice. The Index’s methodology and comprehensive definition of the rule of law are the products of intensive consultation an ...

The 2024 Revision of World Population Prospects is the twenty-eighth edition of official United Nations population estimates and projections that have been prepared by the Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Natio ...

Data to identify and analyze autocracy-to-autocracy transitions. Version 1.2. When the leader of an autocratic regime loses power, one of three things happens: 1. The incumbent leadership group is replaced by democratically elected leaders. 2. Someone fro ...

World Uncertainty Index (WUI) reflects the frequency of the word “uncertainty” in the quarterly Economist Intelligence Unit country reports. It is an unbalanced panel of 143 individual countries on a quarterly basis from 1952, which is presented on an annual l ...

The European Value Study (EVS) and the World Value Survey (WVS) are two large-scale, cross-national, and repeated cross-sectional longitudinal survey research programs. Since their emergence in the early 1980s, the EVS has conducted 5 survey waves (every 9 yea ...

The Worldwide Bureaucracy Indicators (WWBI) database is a unique cross-national dataset on public sector employment and wages that aims to fill an information gap, thereby helping researchers, development practitioners, and policymakers gain a better understan ...

The WARP dataset is a comprehensive and ongoing data collection effort that provides information about the numerical presence of age groups in lower house parliaments, spanning across the globe and over time. To date, it contains over 800 elections in 150 c ...