Closed Public Administration: The index measures to what extent the public administration is more closed or public-like, rather than open or private-like. Higher values indicate a more closed public administration. It is based on three questions from the survey. The index is constructed by first taking the mean for each responding expert of the three questions above. The value for each country is then calculated as the mean of all the experts' means. (If one or more answers are missing, these questions are ignored when calculating the mean value for each expert).
Type of variable: Continuous