Municipal corruption:
In general, how often do you think politicians and bureaucrats are exposed to violence, threat of violence or blackmailing, where the person exposing them to this demands that they, in their municipal commitments, act in a way that they otherwise would not have?
On a scale of 1 "Never" to 3 "Quite rarely" to 5 "Very often"
Data from survey distributed 2011 by Statskontoret (Swedish Agency for Public Management) to politicians and bureaucrats in all Swedish municipalities. Data has been aggregated to the municipal level. Number of responding municipalities: 290.
Reference: Statskontoret (2012). Köpta relationer. Om korruption i det kommunala Sverige. Stockholm: Statskontoret.
Type of variable: Categorical