Data source: Klaus Armingeon, Sarah Engler, Lucas Leemann and David Weisstanner
The Comparative Political Data Set 1960-2023 (CPDS) is a collection of political and institutional data that has been assembled in the context of the research projects “Die Handlungsspielräume des Nationalstaates” and “Critical junctures. An international comparison,” directed by Klaus Armingeon and funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation. This data set consists of (mostly) annual data for 36 democratic OECD and/or EU-member countries for the period of 1960 to 2023. In all countries, political data were collected only for the democratic periods. The data set is suited for cross-national, longitudinal and pooled time-series analyses.
The present data set combines and replaces the earlier versions “Comparative Political Data Set I” (data for 23 OECD countries from 1960 onwards) and the “Comparative Political Data Set III” (data for 36 OECD and/or EU member states from 1990 onwards). A variable has been added to identify former CPDS I countries.
When using this dataset, please cite as:
(Armingeon et al.,
2024a)
(Armingeon et al.,
2024b)
Browse variables and select them for download.
cpds_chg
Number of changes in government per year [termination of government due to (a) elections, (b) voluntary resignation of the Prime Minister, (c) resignation of Prime Minister due to health reasons, (d) ...
cpds_enps
Effective number of parties on the seats level according to the formula proposed by Laakso and Taagepera (1979).
cpds_enpv
Effective number of parties on the votes level according to the formula proposed by Laakso and Taagepera (1979).
cpds_frel
Index of electoral fractionalization of the party system according to the formula proposed by Rae (1968). The index can take values between 1 (maximal fractionalization) and 0 (minimal fractionalizati ...
cpds_frleg
Index of legislative fractionalization of the party system according to the formula proposed by Rae (1968). The index can take values between 1 (maximal fractionalization) and 0 (minimal fractionaliza ...
cpds_govlr
Cabinet composition (Schmidt-Index): 1. Hegemony of right-wing (and centre) parties. 2. Dominance of right-wing (and centre) parties. 3. Balance of power between left and right. 4. Dominance of ...
cpds_govsup
Total government support: seat share of all parties in government. Weighted by the numbers of days in office in a given year.
cpds_la
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as agrarian.
cpds_lall
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as electoral alliance.
cpds_lcom
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as communist.
cpds_lcon
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as conservative.
cpds_le
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as ethnic.
cpds_lfe
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as feminist.
cpds_lg
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as green.
cpds_ll
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as liberal.
cpds_lls
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as left-socialist.
cpds_lmo
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as monarchist.
cpds_lnl
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as non-labelled.
cpds_lo
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as other.
cpds_lp
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as protest.
cpds_lpc
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as post-communist.
cpds_lpen
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as pensioners.
cpds_lper
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as personalist.
cpds_lr
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as right.
cpds_lreg
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as regionalist.
cpds_lrel
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as religious.
cpds_ls
Share of seats in parliament for the political parties classified as social democratic.
cpds_tg
Type of government based on the following classification: 1. Single-party majority government: One party takes all government seats and has a parliamentary majority. 2. Minimal winning coalitio ...
cpds_va
Share of votes of the political parties classified as agrarian.
cpds_vall
Share of votes of the political parties classified as electoral alliance.
cpds_vcom
Share of votes of the political parties classified as communist.
cpds_vcon
Share of votes of the political parties classified as conservative.
cpds_ve
Share of votes of the political parties classified as ethnic.
cpds_vfe
Share of votes of the political parties classified as feminist.
cpds_vg
Share of votes of the political parties classified as green.
cpds_vl
Share of votes of the political parties classified as liberal.
cpds_vls
Share of votes of the political parties classified as left-socialist.
cpds_vmo
Share of votes of the political parties classified as monarchist.
cpds_vnl
Share of votes of the political parties classified as non-labelled.
cpds_vo
Share of votes of the political parties classified as other.
cpds_vp
Share of votes of the political parties classified as protest.
cpds_vpcom
Share of votes of the political parties classified as post-communist.
cpds_vpen
Share of votes of the political parties classified as pensioners.
cpds_vper
Share of votes of the political parties classified as personalist.
cpds_vr
Share of votes of the political parties classified as right.
cpds_vreg
Share of votes of the political parties classified as regionalist.
cpds_vrel
Share of votes of the political parties classified as religious.
cpds_vs
Share of votes of the political parties classified as social democratic.