Meaning: 3-item index measuring a national culture's emphasis on universal freedoms in the domain of reproductive choices (acceptance of divorce, abortion, homosexuality). Source: Index invented and documented in Welzel, Freedom Rising (2013: 66-69), www.cambridge.org/welzel (Online Appendix, p. 20-29), based on data from the World Values Surveys, all countries and time points. Scaling: Multi-point scale, ranging from a theoretical minimum of 0 when the least emancipative position is taken on all 3 items, to a maximum of 1.0 when the most emancipative position is taken on all 3 items. Intermediate positions are given in fractions of 1.0. Country scores are population averages (arithmetic mean) on the 0-1 index.