Democratic Accountability Index

QoG code: bgi_dai

Democratic accountability is the ability of a political system to allow citizens to hold government accountable. We distinguish between three types of accountability: institutional (horizontal), electoral (vertical), and societal (diagonal)

Dataset
The Berggruen Governance Index (BGI)
Type of variable
Continuous
Downloaded by QoG on
2025-12-06
Last updated by source
2025-12-08

Categories

Quality of Government

Find this variable in

Basic Cross-section - 2026 Basic Time-series - 2026 OECD Cross-section - 2026 OECD Time-series - 2026 Standard Cross-section - 2026 Standard Time-series - 2026 Original dataset
Details of this variable in our compilation datasets
Dataset No. Countries
Basic cross-section 143
Basic time-series 144
Standard cross-section 143
Standard time-series 144
OECD cross-section 32
OECD time-series 32
Dataset Available for years
Standard time-series 2000-2021
Basic time-series 2000-2021
OECD time-series 2000-2021

Country coverage

Click here to see the full list of countries
  • Afghanistan
  • Albania
  • Algeria
  • Angola
  • Argentina
  • Armenia
  • Australia
  • Austria
  • Azerbaijan
  • Bahrain
  • Bangladesh
  • Belarus
  • Belgium
  • Bhutan
  • Bolivia
  • Botswana
  • Brazil
  • Bulgaria
  • Burkina Faso
  • Cambodia
  • Cameroon
  • Canada
  • Central African Republic
  • Chile
  • China
  • Colombia
  • Congo
  • Congo, Democratic Republic
  • Costa Rica
  • Cote d'Ivoire
  • Croatia
  • Cuba
  • Cyprus (1975-)
  • Czech Republic
  • Denmark
  • Dominican Republic
  • Ecuador
  • Egypt
  • El Salvador
  • Estonia
  • Ethiopia (1993-)
  • Finland
  • France (1963-)
  • Gabon
  • Gambia
  • Georgia
  • Germany
  • Ghana
  • Greece
  • Guatemala
  • Guinea
  • Guinea-Bissau
  • Guyana
  • Haiti
  • Honduras
  • Hungary
  • Iceland
  • India
  • Indonesia
  • Iran
  • Iraq
  • Ireland
  • Israel
  • Italy
  • Jamaica
  • Japan
  • Jordan
  • Kazakhstan
  • Kenya
  • Korea, South
  • Kuwait
  • Kyrgyzstan
  • Laos
  • Latvia
  • Lebanon
  • Liberia
  • Libya
  • Lithuania
  • Luxembourg
  • Madagascar
  • Malawi
  • Malaysia (1966-)
  • Mali
  • Malta
  • Mexico
  • Moldova
  • Mongolia
  • Morocco
  • Mozambique
  • Myanmar
  • Namibia
  • Netherlands
  • New Zealand
  • Nicaragua
  • Niger
  • Nigeria
  • Norway
  • Oman
  • Pakistan (1971-)
  • Panama
  • Papua New Guinea
  • Paraguay
  • Peru
  • Philippines
  • Poland
  • Portugal
  • Qatar
  • Romania
  • Russia
  • Saudi Arabia
  • Senegal
  • Serbia
  • Sierra Leone
  • Singapore
  • Slovakia
  • Slovenia
  • Somalia
  • South Africa
  • Spain
  • Sri Lanka
  • Sudan (2012-)
  • Suriname
  • Sweden
  • Switzerland
  • Syria
  • Tajikistan
  • Tanzania
  • Thailand
  • Togo
  • Trinidad and Tobago
  • Tunisia
  • Turkey
  • Uganda
  • Ukraine
  • United Arab Emirates
  • United Kingdom
  • United States
  • Uruguay
  • Uzbekistan
  • Venezuela
  • Vietnam
  • Yemen
  • Zambia
  • Zimbabwe

Year coverage

This variable has information from 2000 to 2021.