Variable: Freedom of Expression

QoG Code: (bti_foe)


Dataset: Bertelsmann Transformation Index

Description:

To what extent can citizens, organizations, and the mass media express opinions freely? From 1 to 10.

  1. Freedom of expression is denied. Independent media do not exist or are prohibited.
  2. Freedom of expression is often subject to interference or government restrictions. Distortion and manipulation shape matters of public debate.
  3. Freedom of expression is occasionally subject to interference or government restrictions, but there are generally no incidents of blatant intrusions like outright state censorship or media shutdowns.
  4. Freedom of expression is guaranteed against interference or government restrictions. Individuals, groups and the press can fully exercise these rights.

Type of variable: Categorical

Downloaded by QoG on: 2024-12-06
Last updated by source: 2022-03-17


Categories:

Judicial Media


Find this variable in:

Basic Cross-section - 2025 Basic Time-series - 2025 Standard Cross-section - 2025 Standard Time-series - 2025 Original Dataset

Details of this variable in our compilations datasets
Dataset No. Countries
Basic cross-section: 135
Basic time-series: 136
Standard cross-section: 135
Standard time-series: 136

Dataset Available for years:
Standard time-series: 2005-2023
Basic time-series: 2005-2023

This variable has information for these countries:

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This variable has information from the year 2005 to the year 2021