Variable: Ballot Access for Independent Candidates (lower/only house)

QoG Code: (jw_indy)


Dataset: Electoral Systems and the Personal Vote

Description:

Equals 1 wherever independent candidates are legally allowed (even where the legal requirements are strict), and 0 otherwise. This complements the cases where the ballot variables above equal 1 or 2, since they are adjusted to capture de facto practice. jw_indy instead captures the de jure rules. A user could adjust the ballot variables above to be de jure if (s)he replaced values of 2 with values of 1 when jw_indy = 0. Refers to lower house elections. The ballot variables focus on the amount of party control over candidates' access to a competitive position on the ballot. The variables equal (in order of increasing personal vote incentives): (0) where parties control access to ballots as well as the order in which individuals will fill the seats that the party wins (closed list multi-member districts, open list multi-member districts with little or no de facto change in list order); (1) where parties control access to the ballot, but not the order in which candidates will receive seats (open lists where intra-party preference votes seem to have a significant influence on which candidates are selected, and single-member districts where parties control access to the list); (2) where there are few or no impediments to individual candidates' ability to appear on the ballot (single-member districts where parties do not control access, e.g. allowing independent candidates and/or use primaries to select candidates).

Type of variable: Binary

Downloaded by QoG on: 2022-12-07
Last updated by source: 2012-03-24


Categories:

Political Parties and Elections


Find this variable in:

OECD Time-series - 2024 Standard Time-series - 2024 Original Dataset

Details of this variable in our compilations datasets
Dataset No. Countries
Standard time-series: 106
OECD time-series: 37


This variable has information for these countries:

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