Variable: Patronage
QoG Code: (qs20_proff1)
Description:
Country-level estimate for Patronage, constructed with an IRT model that accounts for differential item functioning (DIF) and variation in expert reliability. Higher values stand for more patronage in recruitment.
Type of variable: Continuous
Downloaded by QoG on: 2024-10-11
Last updated by source: 2021-03-15
Categories:
Political System
Quality of Government
Bureaucratic Structure
Find this variable in:
OECD Cross-section - 2025
Standard Cross-section - 2025
Original Dataset
Details of this variable in our compilations datasets
| Dataset |
No. Countries |
| Standard cross-section: |
89 |
| OECD cross-section: |
31 |
This variable has information for these countries:
Click here to see the full list of countries
- Afghanistan
- Albania
- Angola
- Argentina
- Armenia
- Australia
- Austria
- Azerbaijan
- Bangladesh
- Belarus
- Belgium
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Botswana
- Brazil
- Bulgaria
- Cameroon
- Canada
- Chile
- China
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Croatia
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Eritrea
- Estonia
- Ethiopia (1993-)
- Finland
- France (1963-)
- Germany
- Ghana
- Greece
- Hungary
- Iceland
- India
- Indonesia
- Iraq
- Ireland
- Israel
- Italy
- Jamaica
- Japan
- Jordan
- Kazakhstan
- Kenya
- Korea, South
- Kyrgyzstan
- Latvia
- Lebanon
- Lesotho
- Lithuania
- Malta
- Mexico
- Montenegro
- Nepal
- Netherlands
- New Zealand
- Nigeria
- North Macedonia
- Norway
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Philippines
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- Russia
- Rwanda
- Saudi Arabia
- Serbia
- Singapore
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- South Africa
- Spain
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Taiwan
- Tanzania
- Tunisia
- Turkey
- Uganda
- Ukraine
- United Kingdom
- United States
- Uzbekistan
- Venezuela
- Vietnam
- Zambia
This variable has information from the year 2020 to the
year 2020