Variable: Electoral Formula used in an Electoral Tier

QoG Code: (gol_pr)


Dataset: Democratic Electoral Systems, 1919-2020 dataset (Version 5.0)

Description:

This is a categorical variable that indicates the precise electoral formula used in an electoral tier.

  1. Single-Member-District-Plurality (SMDP)
  2. Two Round Majority-Plurality
  3. Two Round Qualified Majority
  4. Two Round Majority Runoff
  5. Alternative Vote (AV)
  6. Borda Count (BC)
  7. Modified Borda Count (mBC)
  8. Block Vote (BV)
  9. Party Block Vote (PBV)
  10. Limited Vote (LV)
  11. Single Nontransferable Vote (SNTV)
  12. Hare quota
  13. Hare quota with largest remainders
  14. Hare quota with highest average remainders
  15. Hagenbach-Bischoff quota
  16. Hagenbach-Bischoff quota with largest remainders
  17. Hagenbach-Bischoff quota with highest average remainders
  18. Droop quota
  19. Droop quota with largest remainders
  20. Droop quota with highest average remainders
  21. Imperiali quota
  22. Imperiali quota with largest remainders
  23. Imperiali quota with highest average remainders
  24. Reinforced Imperiali quota
  25. D'Hondt
  26. Sainte-Laguë
  27. Modified Sainte-Laguë
  28. Single Transferable Vote.

Note: Users can find a detailed description of the difference between types in the original codebook.

Type of variable: Categorical

Downloaded by QoG on: 2025-12-03
Last updated by source: 2022-12-21


Categories:

Political Parties and Elections


Find this variable in:

Basic Cross-section - 2026 Basic Time-series - 2026 OECD Cross-section - 2026 OECD Time-series - 2026 Standard Cross-section - 2026 Standard Time-series - 2026 Original Dataset

Details of this variable in our compilations datasets
Dataset No. Countries
Basic cross-section: 152
Basic time-series: 154
Standard cross-section: 152
Standard time-series: 154
OECD cross-section: 32
OECD time-series: 32

Dataset Available for years:
Standard time-series: 1946-2020
Basic time-series: 1946-2020
OECD time-series: 1946-2020

This variable has information for these countries:

Click here to see the full list of countries



This variable has information from the year 1946 to the year 2020