This indicates when a newly independent country is having its first elections, when a country holds the first multiparty elections after a significant period of non-democratic rule, or when a country transitions from single-party elections to multiparty elections. Multiparty means that more than one party is allowed to contest the election, and that at least some of the parties are both nominally and effectively independent of the ruling actors.
Values:
0. No
1. Yes
Type of variable: Binary
Downloaded by QoG on: 2023-11-06
Last updated by source: 2021-07-23
| Dataset | No. Countries |
|---|---|
| Standard cross-section: | 108 |
| Standard time-series: | 191 |
| OECD time-series: | 32 |