QoG code: nelda_mbbe
If there were reports by either domestic or outside actors of media bias in favor of the incumbent or ruling party, it is coded as a 'Yes'. In cases where the media is totally controlled by the government, and/or no opposition is allowed, the answer is 'Yes'. It is possible that the answer is 'No' even if the political system is tightly controlled.
Values:
0. No
1. Yes
3. Unclear
| Dataset | No. Countries |
|---|---|
| Basic cross-section | 108 |
| Basic time-series | 191 |
| Standard cross-section | 108 |
| Standard time-series | 191 |
| OECD time-series | 32 |
| Dataset | Available for years |
|---|---|
| Standard time-series | 1946-2020 |
| Basic time-series | 1946-2020 |
| OECD time-series | 1946-2020 |
This variable has information from 1946 to 2020.